Ngaba i-OLT sisixhobo seLayer 3?

I-Optical Line Terminal, okanye i-OLT, sisixhobo esibaluleke kakhulu kwihlabathi lothungelwano lwekhompyutha. Multiplexers, OLTs linyathelo lokuqala elibalulekileyo lokuthumela idatha yakho ukusuka kumawaka eemayile kude. Bafumana ukusetyenziswa kwabo phantse ngokupheleleyo kwiinkqubo ze-fiber-optic. Ezo sistim zivala uthungelwano lomnikezeli wenkonzo wasekuhlaleni kwi-intanethi enkulu, evumela ukufikelela kumxholo we-intanethi kunye neenkonzo.

Iinkonzo ezinikezelwa kusetyenziswa iiOLT zezi: Umzekelo, zincedisa ngelizwi kwi-IP (VoIP) izixhobo, ezisetyenziswa ngabantu ukwenza iminxeba nge-intanethi. Iifowuni zevidiyo ziyafumaneka, xa nobabini ninokumbona umntu othetha naye, kwaye babonelela nge-intanethi ekhawulezayo ukuya kumakhaya nakumashishini. Kodwa apho kanye iiOLTs ziwela khona kubuninzi beeleya zothungelwano ngumbuzo onokuthi uwubuze, ngakumbi njengoko iiOLT zingezizo izixhobo ezi-3.

Ayizizo zonke ii-OLT ezizizixhobo zoMaleko wesi-3

Ke ukuze sibone ukuba kutheni sisithi ii-OLTs azikho isixhobo se-3, kufuneka sifunde kancinci malunga ne-OSI Model. Imodeli ye-OSI sisigama esinokusisebenzisa njengesikhokelo sokujonga indlela iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zenethiwekhi yekhompyuter zinxibelelana ngayo. Iileya ezisixhenxe zenza unxibelelwano ngothungelwano lube lula, njengoko umaleko ngamnye unoxanduva lweseti eyodwa yemisebenzi.

Okona kwaziwa kakhulu kumgangatho wokuqala ngumaleko womzimba. Lo maleko usetyenziselwa ukuthumela amasuntswana omntu ngaphezulu kwendawo ebonakalayo usebenzisa iintambo. Uluhlu lwesibini luluhlu lwekhonkco lwedatha. Lo maleko ulawula indlela izixhobo ezininzi zinikwa ukufikelela kuthungelwano olufanayo. Ekugqibeleni, sifika kuluhlu lwesithathu, olubizwa ngokuba ngumaleko womnatha. Umzila wenziwa kolu maleko. Ukuhamba kukudluliselwa ukusuka kwinethiwekhi enye ukuya kwenye, ngoko ke izixhobo zokuhola zidla ngokubizwa ngokuba zizixhobo ezi-3.

I-OLT ibonelela ngoncedo kuthumelo lwedatha phakathi kwezahlukeneyo i-olt fiber uthungelwano kodwa ayenzi imisebenzi yomzila. Ngokuyintloko banoxanduva lokuvala uthungelwano lomnikezeli wenkonzo kwizixhobo zendawo yabathengi, njenge-router okanye ikhompyutha. Olu hlobo lwezixhobo lubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba idatha inokuhamba ukusuka kwindawo ukuya kwenye.

Iiyantlukwano ezibalulekileyo eziSebenzayo kuLuhlu lwesi-3 lweNdlela

Umzila, ngokwemigaqo ecacileyo, yinkqubo yezinga eliphantsi okanye eliphakathi lokufumanisa kunye nokucaciswa kweendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuhamba kweedatagrams ngenethiwekhi. Ukuhanjiswa kwenziwa zizixhobo zomaleko wesi-3 kusetyenziswa imithetho ethile ebizwa ngokuba ziiprothokholi. Iiprothokholi ezaziwa ngokwesintu ziquka:iProtocol yeBorder Gateway (BGP)INkqubo ePhakathi kwiNkqubo ePhakathi (IS-IS)

Ezi protocol zisetyenziselwa ukuthumela idatha ngeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo nethembekileyo kwiimodem indlela. Baqwalasela izinto ezifana nesantya sokudluliselwa kwedatha, ukuthembeka kwendlela, kunye neendleko zokudlulisa idatha. Ngelixa ii-OLT zinokuba namandla okuthumela iipakethi zedatha kwindawo yazo yokugqibela, azinazo iimpawu ezifunekayo ukwenza izigqibo zendlela. Kungenxa yokuba ii-OLTs zithathwa njengezixhobo zokwenziwa, okuthetha ukuba ziququzelela inkqubo kodwa azenzi zigqibo zibambekayo malunga nendlela idatha ehanjiswa ngayo.

Ukubona ukusebenza kweOLT

Ukuba ii-OLTs azikho izixhobo ezi-3, zisebenza njani kumxholo weenkqubo ezinkulu zothungelwano? Ii-OLT zihlala zifumaneka kwi-ofisi ephakathi yomboneleli-nkonzo. Umsebenzi wabo ophambili kukuhambisa idatha kwiintambo zefiber optic kubathengi. Unokuzicingela iiOLT njengokutshintsha; banokusasaza idatha kubathengi abaninzi ngaxeshanye. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ekubhekiselwa kuyo njenge-wavelength division multiplexing okanye i-WDM.

I-Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) bubuchule obusahlula nje isignali yokukhanya ibe ngamaza ahlukeneyo, okanye, imibala, yokukhanya. Umsebenzisi wokugqibela owahlukileyo unokuba nedatha yayo ngaphezulu kombala ohlukeneyo. Oku kuvumela abasebenzisi ababini okanye ngaphezulu ukuba bafumane idatha ngaxeshanye ngaphandle kokuphazamisana. Ngaphezu koko, ii-OLTs zinokubonelela ngemisebenzi ebalulekileyo eyongezelelweyo. Bangakwazi, umzekelo, ukubethela idatha, ngaloo ndlela bethintela amaqela esithathu ukuba angayibukeli, okanye alawule umgangatho wenkonzo (QoS) ukubonelela ngenqanaba elithile lokusebenza kwiinkonzo ze-Intanethi.

INyaniso yeOLT-Ihlala phi kwiiNqanaba zoThungelwano?

Ngamafutshane ii-OLT zizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kunxibelelwano lwefiber-optic utshintsho lwamashishini iinkqubo. Kwinqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu, zisetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zedatha ngokukhawuleza kubasebenzisi bokugqibela. Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuba ii-OLTs ayizozixhobo zomaleko wesi-3 kuba azenzi misebenzi yomzila. Ngelixa ii-OLT zingathathi zigqibo zomzila, zisengamacandelo abalulekileyo kuluhlu lwezixhobo zothungelwano. Banikezela ngekhonkco elibalulekileyo leziseko ezingundoqo phakathi kothungelwano lomnikezeli wenkonzo kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngabasebenzisi. Siyazi ukuba zibaluleke kangakanani ii-OLTs kwiinkqubo zenethiwekhi zanamhlanje kwiThink Tides. Ndiye ndaya kwicala lokubonisana leshishini, apho kufuneka sinikeze abathengi bethu ubuchwepheshe bamva nje kunye nezisombululo ukuze zilungele iimfuno zabo.