FAQ-Shenzhen Think Tides Communication Technology Co.,Ltd

Ifayibha ukuya kwikhaya (FTTH), ekwabizwa ngokuba yifayibha kwizakhiwo (FTTP), kukufakwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwefiber optical ukusuka kwindawo esembindini ngokuthe ngqo kwizakhiwo ezizimeleyo ezifana neendawo zokuhlala, izakhiwo zokuhlala kunye namashishini ukunika ukufikelela kwi-intanethi ngesantya esiphezulu. I-FTTH yonyusa kakhulu isantya sonxibelelwano esifumanekayo kubasebenzisi bekhompyuter xa kuthelekiswa nobuchwepheshe obusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi.

I-FTTH ithembisa isantya soqhagamshelwano ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100 megabits ngomzuzwana (Mbps). Ezi ngezantya zi-20 ukuya kumaxesha e-100 ngokukhawuleza njengemodem yekhebula eqhelekileyo okanye i-DSL (i-Digital Subscriber Line). Ukuphumeza i-FTTH kumlinganiselo omkhulu kuya kuba yindleko enkulu kuba ifuna ukufakela iiseti zentambo entsha phezu “kweekhonkco zokugqibela” ukusuka kwiintambo ezikhoyo zosinga kubasebenzisi ngabanye. Olunye uluntu okwangoku lunenkonzo ye-fiber to the curb (FTTC). I-FTTC ibhekisela kufakelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwentambo ye-fiber optical kwiindlela ezikufutshane namakhaya okanye amashishini, kunye ne-"copper" medium ephethe imiqondiso phakathi kwe-curb kunye nabasebenzisi bokugqibela.

Uphawu oluchazayo lwe-FTTH kukuba idibanisa i-fiber optical ngqo kwiindawo zokuhlala. Isebenzisa i-fiber optical kunxibelelwano oluninzi okanye kuzo zonke iimayile zokugqibela. Ifayibha ye-Optical idlulisela idatha isebenzisa imiqondiso yokukhanya ukuphumeza ukusebenza okuphezulu.

Uthungelwano lofikelelo lwe-FTTH ngokwesiseko lwakhiwe ngolu hlobo: iintambo zefiber optic zibaleka zisuka kwiofisi esembindini, zidlula kwindawo yonikezelo lwefiber hub (FDH), zize zidlule kwindawo yofikelelo kuthungelwano (NAP), zize ekugqibeleni ziye ekhaya ngetheminali esebenza njengendawo yokuhlangana. ibhokisi.

Kuba abathengi bafune i-bandwidth ebanzi ngakumbi, abathwali bonxibelelwano kufuneka bafune ukubonelela nge-convergence yenethiwekhi ekhulileyo kwaye benze uguquko lonxibelelwano lwesixhobo semidiya yabathengi. Ke, ukuvela kwetekhnoloji yeFTTx ibalulekile kubantu kwihlabathi liphela. I-FTTx, ekwabizwa ngokuba yifayibha kwi-x, ligama elidityanisiweyo lalo naluphi na ulwakhiwo lwenethiwekhi yebroadband usebenzisa i-optical fiber ukubonelela yonke okanye inxalenye yelophu yendawo esetyenziselwa unxibelelwano lweemayile zokugqibela. Ngeendawo ezahlukeneyo zothungelwano oluya kuzo, iFTTx ingahlelwa ngokwezigama ezininzi, ezifana neFTTH, FTTN, FTTC, FTTB, FTTP, njl njl.

I-FTTB / FTTC (I-Fiber ukuya kwiSakhiwo): I-OLT iqhagamshelwe kwii-ONU kwii-corridors (FTTB) okanye nge-curb (FTTC) usebenzisa inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa optical (ODN). Ii-ONUs ziqhagamshelwe kwiitheminali zabasebenzisi zisebenzisa i-xDSL. I-FTTB/FTTC isetyenziswa kwiindawo zokuhlala ezixineneyo okanye kwizakhiwo zeeofisi. Kule meko, i-FTTB/FTTC ibonelela ngeenkonzo ze-bandwidth ethile kubasebenzisi abaqhelekileyo.

I-FTTD (iFayibha ukuya kwi-Desktop): isebenzisa imidiya yokufikelela ekhoyo kumakhaya abasebenzisi ukusombulula imiba yefiber eyehlayo kwiimeko ze-FTTH.

I-FTTH (iFayibha ukuya kwiKhaya): I-OLT iqhagamshela kwii-ONT kumakhaya abasebenzisi usebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-ODN. I-FTTH iyasebenza kumagumbi amatsha okanye kwiivillas kunikezelo olukhululekileyo. Kule meko, i-FTTH ibonelela ngeenkonzo ze-bandwidth ephezulu kubasebenzisi abaphezulu.

I-FTTO (IFayibha kwiOfisi): I-OLT iqhagamshelwe kwii-ONU zeshishini kusetyenziswa inethiwekhi ye-ODN. Ii-ONU ziqhagamshelwe kwiitheminali zabasebenzisi zisebenzisa i-FE, POTS, okanye iWi-Fi. I-QinQ VLAN encapsulation iphunyezwa kwii-ONU kunye ne-OLT. Ngale ndlela, iziteshi zedatha ezicacileyo nezikhuselekileyo zinokusekwa phakathi kothungelwano lwabucala lweshishini olubekwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ke ngoko idatha yenkonzo kunye nee-BPDUs phakathi kothungelwano lwabucala lweshishini zinokugqithiswa ngokuphandle kwinethiwekhi yoluntu. I-FTTO iyasebenza kuthungelwano lwamashishini. Kule meko, i-FTTO isebenzisa i-TDM PBX, i-IP PBX, kunye nenkonzo yangasese yangasese kwii-intranethi zeshishini.

I-FTTZ (iFayibha ukuya kuMmandla): ibhekisa kwifayibha kwiseli. Itekhnoloji yeFTTx isetyenziswa kakhulu ukufikelela kwi-fiber yenethiwekhi, ukusuka kwisixhobo se-ofisi esisembindini segumbi lonxibelelwano lwengingqi ukuya kwisixhobo somsebenzisi. Isixhobo se-ofisi esembindini yi-terminal ye-optical line (OLT) kunye nesixhobo somthengi yiyunithi yenethiwekhi ye-optical network (Optical Network). Iyunithi; I-ONU) okanye i-Optical Network Terminal (ONT).

I-FTTF (I-Fiber-To-The-Frontage): Oku kufana kakhulu ne-FTTB. Kwifiber ekwimeko yeyadi engaphambili, ifiber node nganye isebenzela umrhumi omnye. Oku kuvumela izantya ezininzi zegigabit usebenzisa iteknoloji yeXG-fast. I-fiber node inokuphinda inikwe amandla yimodem yomrhumi.

Inethiwekhi ye-passive optical network (PON) yinkqubo ezisa i-fiber optical cabling kunye nemiqondiso yonke okanye uninzi lwendlela eya kumsebenzisi wokugqibela. Ngokuxhomekeke apho i-PON iphela khona, inkqubo inokuchazwa njenge-fiber-to-the-curb (FTTC), i-fiber-to-the-building (FTTB), okanye i-fiber-to-the-home (FTTH).

Umqondiso osezantsi ovela kwiofisi esembindini usasazwa kwindawo nganye yomthengi ekwabelana ngefayibha. Uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo lusetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukuva. Imiqondiso enyukayo idityaniswe kusetyenziswa iprotocol yofikelelo oluninzi, ngokuqhelekileyo ukwahlula ixesha lokufikelela okuninzi (TDMA).

I-PON ibandakanya i-terminal ye-optical line (OLT) kwi-ofisi ephakathi yomboneleli wenkonzo (hub) kunye nenani leeyunithi zothungelwano lwe-optical (ONUs) okanye i-Optical Network Terminals (ONTs), kufutshane nabasebenzisi.

Owona mahluko ubalulekileyo we-SFU unokuqondwa njengesixhobo se-Layer2, ngokuqhelekileyo akukho msebenzi womzila; I-HUG sisixhobo se-Layer3 esinomsebenzi womzila kwaye xa sithelekiswa ne-SFU, inomsebenzi wesango lasekhaya.

Idilesi ye-MAC yidilesi yolawulo lokufikelela kwimidiya, ekwabizwa ngokuba yidilesi ye-LAN, idilesi ye-Ethernet, okanye idilesi yendawo. Yidilesi esetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa indawo yesixhobo sothungelwano. Kwimodeli ye-OSI, i-network layer yesithathu inoxanduva lwedilesi ye-IP, ngelixa i-second link layer ijongene nedilesi ye-MAC. Idilesi ye-MAC isetyenziselwa ukuchonga ngokukodwa ikhadi lenethiwekhi kwinethiwekhi. Ukuba isixhobo sinekhadi lenethiwekhi enye okanye ngaphezulu, ikhadi ngalinye lenethiwekhi lifuna kwaye liya kuba nedilesi eyodwa ye-MAC.

Inethiwekhi yendawo yengingqi (VLAN) liqela lezixhobo ezinengqondo kunye nabasebenzisi abangakhawulelwanga ngendawo yabo ebonakalayo, kodwa banokulungelelaniswa ngokwemisebenzi, amasebe kunye nezicelo, kwaye banxibelelane omnye nomnye ngokungathi bakwinethiwekhi efanayo. icandelo. I-VLAN bubuchwephesha obutsha obusebenza kumaleko wesi-2 kunye ne-3 yemodeli yesalathiso ye-OSI. I-VLAN yindawo yosasazo, kwaye unxibelelwano phakathi kweVLAns lufezekiswa ngeerotha ezi-3. Xa kuthelekiswa neteknoloji ye-LAN yendabuko, iteknoloji ye-VLAN iguquguquka ngakumbi, ineenzuzo ezilandelayo: izixhobo zenethiwekhi ukuhambisa, ukongeza nokuguqula i-overhead yokulawula iyancipha, inokulawula imisebenzi yokusasazwa, inokuphucula ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi.

I-PPPOE yi-protocol ye-point-to-point (PPP) efakwe kwi-Ethernet kwisakhelo seprotocol yenethiwekhi yetonela ngenxa yokudibanisa iprotocol yePPP, ngoko ke i-Ethernet yendabuko ayikwazi ukubonelela ukuqinisekiswa kwe-encryption kunye nokunyanzeliswa, kunye neminye imisebenzi, ingaba nayo. isetyenziselwa imodem yentambo kunye nomgca wokubhalisa wedijithali kwi-Ethernet protocol ukubonelela ngenkqubo yokufikelela komsebenzisi.

I-SNMP ithetha i-protocol yolawulo lwenethiwekhi elula, eyiprotocol esemgangathweni eyenzelwe ngokukodwa i-IP network nodes yolawulo lwenethiwekhi, njengamaseva, iindawo zokusebenza, ii-router, iiswitshi, njl. fumana kwaye usombulule iingxaki zenethiwekhi, kwaye ucwangcise ukukhula kwenethiwekhi. I-SNMP inamacandelo amathathu abalulekileyo: inkqubo yolawulo lwenethiwekhi, isixhobo esilawulwayo, kunye ne-arhente.

Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kweGPON kunye ne-EPON kukusetyenziswa kwemigangatho eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. I-GPON ichazwe yi-ITU-TG.984 kwaye i-EPON ichazwe yi-IEEE802.3ah. Kwisicelo, i-GPON ine-bandwidth enkulu kune-EPON, ishishini layo lithwele ngokufanelekileyo, amandla okubona anamandla, anokudlulisa ishishini le-bandwidth, ukufikelela kubasebenzisi abaninzi, ukubeka ingqalelo ngakumbi kwishishini kunye nesiqinisekiso seQoS, kodwa kunzima kakhulu, ngoko ke iindleko ziphezulu kunoko. i-EPON yayo, kodwa ngokusasazwa okukhulu kweteknoloji ye-GPON, i-EPON kunye ne-GPON iyancipha ukungafani kweendleko.

I-Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON), echazwe yi-IEEE 802.3ah, inqaku kwi-multipoint (Pt-MPt) yenethiwekhi ye-topology ephunyezwe nge-passive optical splitters, kunye ne-PMDs ye-fiber optical exhasa le topology. I-EPON isekwe kwindlela ebizwa ngokuba yiMPCP (iProtokholi yoLawulo lwamanqaku amaninzi), esebenzisa imiyalezo, oomatshini bombuso, kunye nezibali-xesha, ukulawula ukufikelela kwitopology ye-P2MP. I-ONU nganye kwitopology ye-P2MP iqulethe umzekelo we-MPCP protocol, enxibelelana nomzekelo weMPCP kwi-OLT. Ngokwesiseko seprotocol ye-EPON/MPCP ilele i-P2P Emulation Sublayer, eyenza inethiwekhi ye-P2MP ephantsi ibonakale njengengqokelela yeendawo zokuqhagamshela kwiindawo eziphezulu zeprotocol (ekubeni nangaphezulu kwe-MAC Client). Ifezekisa oku ngokulungiselela i-Logical Link Identification (LLID) ukuya ekuqaleni kwepakethi nganye, ibuyisela ii-octet ezimbini zentshayelelo. Ukongeza, indlela yokusebenza kwenethiwekhi, uLawulo kunye noLondolozo (i-OAM) ibandakanyiwe ukuququzelela ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi kunye nokusombulula ingxaki.

I-GPON (i-Gigabit-Capable PON) iteknoloji isekelwe kwisizukulwana samva nje se-broadband passive optical edibeneyo yokufikelela umgangatho osekelwe kumgangatho we-ITU-TG.984.x. Ineenzuzo ezininzi ezinje nge-bandwidth ephezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, ukugubungela okukhulu kunye nojongano olutyebileyo lomsebenzisi. Uninzi lwabaqhubi luthatha uthungelwano lofikelelo njengobuchwephesha bebroadband, inguqu ehlanganisiweyo yetekhnoloji efanelekileyo. I-GPON yayicetywe ekuqaleni yi-FSAN ngoSeptemba 2002. Ngesi siseko, i-ITU-T yagqiba ukuqulunqwa kwe-ITU-T G.984.1 kunye ne-G.984.2 ngo-Matshi 2003 kwaye yagqiba i-G ngoFebruwari nangoJuni 2004. 984.3 umgangatho. Owathi ekugqibeleni waseka usapho oluqhelekileyo lweGPON.

I-EPON iyahambelana neteknoloji ye-Ethernet yangoku ngenjongo ye-802.3 protocol kwi-optical access network ukuqhubela phambili kwelifa elipheleleyo le-Ethernet amaxabiso aphantsi, i-protocol eguquguqukayo, iteknoloji evuthiweyo kunye nezinye iingenelo, ezinoluhlu olubanzi lweemarike kunye nokuhambelana okuhle.

I-GPON ibekwe kwishishini lezonxibelelwano ngeenkonzo ezininzi, ukufikelela kwinkonzo epheleleyo kunye neziqinisekiso ze-QoS, kwaye zizame ukufumana esona sisombululo silungileyo kunye nesona sisombululo sisebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Iphakamisa ukuba “zonke izivumelwano mazibekwe elubala kwaye ziphinde ziqwalaselwe kwakhona “.

Ngokubanzi, i-EPON kunye ne-GPON zinamandla kunye nobuthathaka bazo, ukusuka kwiimpawu zokusebenza ze-GPON zingcono kune-EPON, kodwa i-EPON inenzuzo yexesha kunye neendleko, i-GPON iyabamba, ikhangele phambili kwikamva lemarike yokufikelela kwi-broadband enokuthi ingabikho. kufakwe enye endaweni yayo, kufuneka kube kukuphila kunye nokuphelelisana. I-GPON iya kulungeleka ngakumbi kubathengi abane-bandwidth ephezulu, iinkonzo ezininzi, i-QoS kunye neemfuno zokhuseleko kunye nobuchwepheshe be-ATM njengomqolo. Ukujongana neendleko, i-QoS, ukhuseleko, isiseko sabathengi abancinci, i-EPON ibe yeyona nto iphambili.

Ukukhetha umboneleli womnatha ofanelekileyo kwishishini lakho kunokuba sisigqibo esinzima. Zininzi izinto eziqwalaselwayo ekufuneka zigcinwe engqondweni, njengokugubungela inethiwekhi kunye nokuthembeka, isantya sedatha, i-bandwidth caps, amaxabiso, inkonzo yabathengi kunye nokunye. Nanga amanye amacebiso okukunceda ukhethe oyena mboneleli wenethiwekhi kwiimfuno zakho:

1. Qala ngokuvavanya iimfuno zakho zangoku kunye neenjongo zexesha elizayo. Cinga ukuba loluphi uhlobo losetyenziso lwedatha oludingayo ngoku kwaye ulindele isixa sedatha onokuthi uyifune kwixesha elizayo. Thatha ingqalelo naziphi na izicwangciso zokwandisa okunokubakho kunye nokuba oko kunokuchaphazela njani umboneleli womnatha omkhethayo.

2. Emva kokuba uqikelele iimfuno zakho zangoku kunye nezilindelekileyo, qalisa ukuphanda ababoneleli benethiwekhi kwindawo yakho. Jonga uphononongo lwe-intanethi kwaye uthelekise ababoneleli abohlukeneyo ukuze ufumane eyona ibonelela ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo kwindawo yakho. Qinisekisa ukuba ufunda iimephu zokhuselo zomboneleli ngamnye ngononophelo kwaye uthathe ithuba lolingo lwasimahla ngababoneleli onomdla kubo.

3. Nje ukuba uyazi iindawo zokhuselo zabo bonke ababoneleli, jonga kwizicwangciso zabo zenkonzo. Thelekisa amaxabiso kwaye ujonge izibonelelo ezikhethekileyo. Nika ingqalelo kwizinto ezifana nezantya zedatha, nokuba kukho i-cap yenyanga yokusetyenziswa kwedatha kunye nokufumaneka kwenkonzo yabathengi. Qinisekisa ukuba isicwangciso sibonelela ngexabiso lemali.

4. Okulandelayo, qwalasela inkonzo yabathengi yomnikezeli ngamnye womnatha. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iingxaki ngenethiwekhi yakho, ungalufumana ngokukhawuleza kangakanani uncedo? Funda uphononongo ukuze ufumane umbono olungileyo kwinqanaba lenkonzo yabathengi unikezela ngomboneleli ngamnye. Ngaba banobuhlobo yaye bakulungele ukunceda? Ngaba banikezela ngenkonzo yabathengi abangama-24/7 okanye nje ngeeyure zomsebenzi?

5. Ekugqibeleni, khangela ukuthembeka komnikezeli ngamnye womnatha. Ngaba banengxaki yokucima okanye bayeka ukunxibelelana rhoqo? Bachacha kangakanani emva kokuphazamiseka kwinkonzo yabo? Ngaba amava okusebenzisa inkonzo yabo ahlala elungile?

Ngokuqwalasela le miba ngononophelo, unokukhetha umboneleli wenethiwekhi ongcono kakhulu ohlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno zakho.

Ngesi sikhokelo sihlaziyiweyo se-broadband se-booster yesantya, uya kufumanisa ukuba ungasiphucula njani isantya sebroadband ukuze ufumane ezona zantya zikhawulezayo onokuzenza umgca wakho.

1. Qinisekisa izantya zakho zokwenyani njengoko zinokuba phezulu kakhulu kunokuba ucinga. Iimvavanyo ezininzi zesantya se-intanethi azichanekanga kwaye, ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, zinokubonisa ukuba izantya zakho zebroadband zinjalo isezantsi kakhulu kunokuba zinjalo, kwaye ziguquguquka kakhulu.

Kubalulekile ukuba ulinganise isantya sakho xa ezinye iiaplikeshini zingasetyenziswa, kwaye ezinye izixhobo ezikwikhaya lakho kunye neofisi yakho azingeni kwi-Intanethi (umz. ukwenza uhlaziyo).

Kufuneka ulinganise ukusebenza koqhagamshelo lwe-broadband ngokwalo kwaye hayi isantya se-Wi-Fi yakho, edla ngokuba 'yeyona khonkco ibuthathaka'. Iimvavanyo zesantya se-Intanethi ngenene zilinganisa izinto eziphumayo endaweni yoqhagamshelo okanye isantya 'songqamaniso', ngoko zihlala zisezantsi. Umzekelo, ukuba unoqhagamshelo lwe-fiber broadband kwaye unethamsanqa lokukwazi ukudibanisa kwisantya esiphezulu se-80 Mbps yoqhagamshelwano, uvavanyo lwesantya se-intanethi/i-throughput yangempela iya kuphuma kwi-74-75 Mbps.

2. Khetha eyona nkonzo ikhawuleza kakhulu (>30 Mbps) okanye i-ultrafast (>100 Mbps) yenkonzo yebroadband. Ukwandisa isantya, khetha inkonzo ye-broadband ngokukhawuleza kune-broadband eqhelekileyo ukuba unako (kwaye unokonga imali nawe).

Ngaphezulu kwe95% amakhaya ase-UK kunye namashishini ngoku angakwazi ukufikelela kwi-broadband ephezulu kakhulu, enesantya esingaphezu kwe-30 Mbps, kodwa ayingabo bonke abanakho ukubhalisela iinkonzo ezinjalo ngoku. Ukuba unokubhalisa kwiinkonzo ezikhawulezayo kwindawo yakho, siyakubongoza ukuba wenze njalo. Nokuba awucingi ukuba ufuna izantya ezongezelelweyo, izicelo ezingadingi izantya eziphezulu ziyakuqhuba ngcono ngenxa yokuncipha kwe-bufferbloat (njengoko kuchaziwe kamva kwesi sikhokelo). Ukuba awukwazi ukufikelela okwangoku kwiinkonzo zebroadband ezikhawulezayo okanye ezikhawulezayo kwindawo yakho, hlala ujonga imeko yendawo yakho njengoko zinokutshintsha kungekudala.

Landela isikhokelo sethu ukuze ufumane eyona nkonzo iphakamileyo yesantya njengoko, ngokuchasene noko unokukuthabatha kwiindawo zokuthelekisa amaxabiso, ayizizo zonke iinkonzo ze-broadband ezifanayo, kwaye i-broadband ayifani namanzi okanye umbane.

Rhoqo - ngakumbi ukuba ungaphandle kwekhontrakthi - ungatshintshela kuqhagamshelo olukwisantya esiphezulu kwaye wonge imali. Ngokuka-Ofcom, kukho malunga ne-8.8 yezigidi zabathengi be-broadband abangaphandle kwekhontrakthi, kwaye banokufumana inkonzo engcono okanye bonge imali ngokuphinda benze ikhontrakthi kunye nomthengisi wabo okhoyo okanye batshintshele kwenye.

Zilumkele ezona zivumelwano zinexabiso eliphantsi, njengoko zihlala zisazisa imida yosetyenziso, zisete ukhuphelo oluphezulu okanye izantya zokulayisha, zinciphise isantya ngamaxesha aphakamileyo okanye zinikezele ngenkonzo yabathengi nenkxaso engekho mgangathweni. Basenokunikezela ngeerotha zemodem ezihlwempuzekileyo.

3. Ukuba awukwazi ukufikelela kwiinkonzo ze-broadband ezizinzileyo ezihloniphekileyo, qwalasela ezinye iindlela ezifana ne-4G mobile. Ngokuka-Ofcom, malunga ne-1.6 yezigidi zezakhiwo zase-UK okwangoku azikwazi ukufikelela kwi-"superfast" ye-broadband esisigxina (enezantya zokukhuphela ze-30 Mbps okanye ngaphezulu), kwaye malunga ne-650,000 indawo ayikwazi ukufikelela "ehloniphekileyo" i-broadband esisigxina (enesantya sokukhuphela i-10 Mbps okanye ngaphezulu). Ukuba okwangoku awukwazi ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zebroadband ezizinzileyo ezikhawulezayo, kusenokubakho inani lezinye iindlela onokukhetha kuzo, ezinje:

• UFixed Wireless Access, obonelelwa ziingcali zee-ISP ezingenazingcingo ezibonelela uluntu lwasemaphandleni kwimimandla ethile

• ibroadband yesathelayithi, kusetyenziswa iisathelayithi kwi-geostationary orbit okanye, kutshanje, i-low-Earth orbit (umz. i-Starlink)

• 4G ibroadband yeselula.

Kwezi, iinkonzo zeFixed Wireless Access azifumaneki kwiindawo ezininzi ngoko ke ayisiyiyo inketho kuninzi lwamakhaya anofikelelo olulambathayo olusisigxina. Xa kuthelekiswa, iinkonzo ze-satellite broadband zifumaneka ngokubanzi. Nangona kunjalo, asikwazi ukucebisa iinkonzo ze-satellite broadband ezisebenzisa i-geostationary satellites njengoko zibandezeleka kwii-caps zedatha ezithintelweyo kunye ne-latency ephezulu kakhulu (ukulibaziseka kwexesha). Oku kubenza bangafaneleki nokuba kukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkonzo zeTV ezisasazwa ngamandla (ezifana neNetflix) okanye usetyenziso olungalibazisiyo (ezifana neZoom kunye neSkype).

Ukuba awunayo i-4G kwindawo yakho kwaye unokufikelela kuphela kwi-broadband esemgangathweni (ADSL), qwalasela umgca wesibini. Eyona ndlela ilula kukusebenzisa iinethiwekhi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo umz. ukondla isixhobo esinye (umzekelo, iPC yedesktop esetyenziselwa umsebenzi) ngoqhagamshelwano olunye kunye nokondla esinye okanye ezinye izixhobo ngoqhagamshelwano lwesibini. Indlela eyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi kukusebenzisa i-router enegunya lokulinganisa umthwalo, ukusebenza kwayo kuya kuxhomekeka ngokugqithiseleyo kwizakhono ze-router. Ekugqibeleni, eyona ndlela iyinkimbinkimbi, kwaye ibiza kakhulu, kukusebenzisa inkonzo ye-ADSL edibeneyo (enikezelwa ngamanani ababoneleli). Oku kuyakuvumela, umzekelo, iilayini ezimbini ezicothayo ze-3 Mbps ukuba zidityaniswe kuqhagamshelwano olukhawulezayo lwe-6 Mbps.

4. Qhagamshela izixhobo ezingahambi ngeentambo ze-Ethernet, kwaye uphephe iadaptha zombane. Ngelixa abantu abaninzi bethanda ukuqhagamshela zonke izixhobo ezikwikhaya labo okanye kwiofisi yabo besebenzisa iWi-Fi, oku kuthanda ukunciphisa isantya kwaye kungenise ukulibaziseka (latency) kunye nokulibazisa ukuguquguquka (jitter). Ezi zisenokwenza umonakalo ngeenkonzo ze-bandwidth ephezulu ezifana ne-TV/ividiyo esasazwayo (umzekelo, i-Netflix) kunye neenkonzo ezinokulibaziseka (ezifana nokudlala kwi-intanethi kunye ne-Skype kunye ne-Zoom).

Apho kunokwenzeka, qhagamshela izixhobo ezinokuthi Sushukuma (ngokukodwa ii-TV ezihlakaniphile, iibhokisi ezisezantsi, ii-media streamers, ii-consoles zemidlalo kunye nee-desktop PC) ezineentambo ze-Ethernet njengoko indlela isoloko isebenza ngokumangalisayo, umzekelo ngokukhawuleza ukususa ividiyo ephazamisayo / ethintithayo kunye nokuphucula umdlalo.

Shiya i-Wi-Fi yezixhobo ezihambayo, njengeefowuni eziphathwayo. Ngokususa i-traffic kwi-Wi-Fi engafanelekanga ukuba iqhutywe ngolo hlobo (njenge-bandwidth-hogging ye-Netflix traffic ngokomzekelo), uya kuyiphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-Wi-Fi kwezo zixhobo eziphathekayo eziyifunayo.

Siyaqonda ukuba abantu abaninzi abayonwabisi ingxaki yokubeka iintambo ze-Ethernet kufutshane nekhaya labo, kodwa lolona phuculo lukhulu onokuthi ulwenze kwinethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya, kwaye okona kuphantsi! Nje ukuba ufakelo lwenziwe, lwenziwe, kwaye unokuhlala phantsi kwaye wonwabele eyona ntsebenzo ibalaseleyo kwiminyaka emininzi ezayo. Ukufumaneka ngokubanzi kwentambo ye-Ethernet ebhityileyo, emcaba yenza umsebenzi wokufihla iintambo (umzekelo, phantsi kwekhaphethi) ube yi-doddle ngokupheleleyo.

Ngelixa ukusebenzisa intambo kunokubonakala kuyingxaki, nceda uphephe iiadaptha zombane njengenye indlela ye-Ethernet. Uphononongo lwe-Intanethi lubonisa ukuba uninzi lwabantu lunengxaki yokufumana ezi zinto zisebenze ngokuthembekileyo. Ukuba awusikholelwa, zama ukufumana iiadaptha zombane ezinophononongo olubalaseleyo lweAmazon. Mininzi kakhulu imizekelo apho iinkonzo ziye zayeka ukusebenza okanye ziye zafumana ubunzima obuthile bokusebenza. Ukusebenzisa i-Ethernet yeyona ndlela ilungileyo; isebenza nje kwaye iintambo zitshiphu.

5. Lungiselela i-Wi-Fi ye-5 GHz kunokuphazamisa-i-2.4 GHz kwaye uzame ukwandisa amanqanaba omqondiso. Uninzi lweengcebiso zethu zijongene nokuseta kunye nokwenza ngcono i-Wi-Fi. Kungenxa yokuba, kumakhaya amaninzi, i-Wi-Fi idla ngokuba 'yeyona khonkco ibuthathaka' kwikhonkco le-broadband, kwaye ukusebenza ngokwesantya, ukuthembeka kunye ne-latency (ukulibaziseka) kuthatha ukubetha okukhulu kubukho bokuphazamiseka kunye nengxolo (ngenxa yokuphantsi. amanqanaba omqondiso).

Iirutha ze-Wi-Fi zisebenzisa ii-frequency bands ezimbini - 2.4 GHz kunye ne-5 GHz - kwaye uninzi lwezixhobo zangoku zixhasa zombini iibhendi (nangona ezinye izixhobo ezindala zinokuxhasa kuphela i-2.4 GHz). Apho i-Wi-Fi router isetwe kwanegama lothungelwano olufanayo (SSID) kuzo zombini ii-2.4 GHz kunye ne-5 GHz yokusebenza, nokuba liliphi ibhendi linokusetyenziswa, kunye neempembelelo ezibalulekileyo zezantya eziphezulu.

Ngelixa iimpawu ze-2.4 GHz zihamba ngaphezu kwe-5 GHz (enokuthi ibonakale iluncedo), kukho i-bandwidth encinci ekhoyo kwi-2.4 GHz xa kuthelekiswa ne-5 GHz (kunye nemijelo emithathu engadlulanga ye-20 MHz). Ngenxa yoko, isantya esiphezulu kwi-2.4 GHz sisezantsi kakhulu kune-5 GHz. Ngaphaya koko, kukho ukuphazamiseka ngokubanzi ngakumbi kwi-2.4 GHz kune-5 GHz (umzekelo, kwiipropathi ezikufutshane), okukhokelela ekusebenzeni okungaqhelekanga.

Ukuba ngaba awunazo naziphi na izixhobo Wi-Fi esebenza kuphela 2.4 GHz, sicebisa ngamandla ukuba cima ukusebenza kwe-2.4 GHz ngokupheleleyo kwirutha yakho yeWi-Fi okanye indawo yokuFikelela. Oku kuya kunyanzela lonke uqhagamshelo lwe-Wi-Fi ukusebenzisa ibhendi ye-5 GHz ephezulu. Ukuba unazo naziphi na izixhobo ze-Wi-Fi ezisebenzisa kuphela i-2.4 GHz band, ngoko sicebisa ukuba unike amagama ahlukeneyo (SSIDs) ka-2.4 GHz kunye ne-5 GHz – umzekelo, IkhayaWiFi2.4GHz kwaye IkhayaWiFi5GHz. Emva koko, unokuqhagamshela izixhobo ze-2.4GHz kuphela IkhayaWiFi2.4GHz, ngelixa uqhagamshela zonke ezinye izixhobo kwi IkhayaWiFi5GHz.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba, kuba iimpawu ze-5 GHz azihambi ngokubanzi ukuya kwiimpawu ze-2.4 GHz, ukususwa kwe-2.4 GHz yokusebenza kunokubangela ukulahleka koqhagamshelwano kwezinye iindawo. ukuba usebenzisa kuphela Wi-Fi enye indlela. Ke, zama ukukhangela i-router yakho ye-Wi-Fi okanye iNdawo yokuFikelela ngokusondeleyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwizixhobo kwaye usebenzise iiNdawo zoFikelelo zeWi-Fi ezininzi.

6. Sebenzisa amanqaku amaninzi okufikelela kwi-Wi-Fi kwaye uwadibanise usebenzisa i-Ethernet. I-Wi-Fi inoluhlu olulinganiselweyo kwaye ayizange yenzelwe ukubonelela ngokhuseleko olubalaseleyo kwindlu okanye iofisi enebhokisi enye. Iimpawu ze-Wi-Fi azithathi ngobubele ukuya kwiindonga.

Kwakhona, uluhlu lwe-Wi-Fi kwi-5 GHz lungaphantsi kakhulu kune-2.4 GHz ngoko ke nceda ungalahli izibonelelo zokusebenza zokuphazamiseka okuncinci kunye nezantya eziphezulu kunye nebhendi ye-5 GHz ngokuzama ukuvala yonke indlu yeofisi nge-Wi enye. -Fi ibhokisi. Ayizukusebenza nje.

Nokuba iWi-Fi irutha enye okanye indawo yokuFikelela eneeriyali ezinkulu zangaphandle kunye ne-MIMO ayihambelani nezixhobo ezininzi, ezilula zeWi-Fi ezibekwe kumagumbi asetyenziswa rhoqo. Ngezona ziphumo zibalaseleyo, sicebisa ngamandla ukuba utyale imali kwiiNdawo zokuFikelela ezongezelelweyo zeWi-Fi kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukudibanisa kunye usebenzisa Gigabit Ethernet.

Qinisekisa ukuba zonke iiNdawo zokuFikelela ziqwalaselwe ngamagama afanayo (SSIDs) - enye ye-2.4 GHz kunye nenye ye-5 GHz (njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla) - kodwa sebenzisa amajelo ahlukeneyo angagqithwanga (njengoko kuchazwe ngezantsi). Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zakho ziya kunikezela ngokungenamthungo kwezona ndawo zibalaseleyo zokuFikelela ngelixa zithintela iiNdawo zokuFikelela ezininzi ukuba ziphazamisane.

Ngokuchaseneyo neeNdawo zokuFikelela, izandiso ze-Wi-Fi kwaye, ezihambele phambili ngakumbi, iisistim zemesh zinqanda isidingo sokuqhagamshelwa usebenzisa i-Ethernet ngokusebenzisa i-Wi-Fi yoqhagamshelwano lwe-'backhaul' kwaye yiyo loo nto singazithandi ngokwenene! I-Wireless ayilunganga njenge-Gigabit Ethernet kwaye kunokubakho 'ii-hops' ezingenazingcingo ezininzi ezibandakanyekayo (intsebenzo ethotywayo) ukuba usebenzisa iibhokisi ezininzi. Ukuba ngenene kufuneka ukhethe isisombululo se-backhaul esingenazingcingo, khetha imveliso yemesh ephucukileyo kwaye unqande i-extender. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-Gigabit Ethernet kwi-'backhaul' kwaye awuyi kusebenzisa i-Wi-Fi ebonakalayo. Ngokufumaneka ngokubanzi kwexabiso eliphantsi, iintambo ze-Ethernet ezisicaba, ezinokufihlwa ngokulula ngaphantsi kwekhaphethi, ukubeka iintambo ze-Ethernet ayisiyongxaki enkulu, ngakumbi xa unikwe izibonelelo zokusebenza oya kuzivuna. Kwakhona, iiNdawo zokuFikelela ezisisiseko zithande ukufikeleleka kakhulu.

7. Linganisa amanqanaba ophazamiseko lwe-Wi-Fi kwaye ukhethe ngesandla awona matshaneli afanelekileyo kunye nee-bandwidths. Kukho imfazwe ye-Wi-Fi phaya! Ngokwanda kwezixhobo ezisebenza ngeWiFi kumakhaya amaninzi, uqhagamshelo lwakho lwe-Wi-Fi lusoloko luphazanyiswa luphazamiseko oluninzi olungafunwayo.

Ngokunyuka kwenani lezixhobo kumakhaya amaninzi kunye ne-drive, ngabavelisi bezixhobo kunye nabasebenzisi, ukunyusa isantya se-Wi-Fi (kuyimfuneko yokusetyenziswa ngaxeshanye ngakumbi nangakumbi iziteshi ze-Wi-Fi), ukuphazamiseka (ingakumbi kwi-2.4 GHz band) iya isiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Njengoko kuchaziwe kwisikhokelo sethu esibanzi se-WiFi, usebenzisa enye yezicelo ezininzi kunye neenkqubo zesoftware, kulula ukulinganisa amanqanaba ophazamiseko lwe-Wi-Fi kwisiseko setshaneli kwaye uqwalasele ngesandla umzila wakho weWi-Fi okanye indawo yofikelelo ukuze usebenzise amajelo eWi-Fi. ngophazamiseko oluncinci. Sisebenzisa isicelo esibizwa Wi-Fi Explorer. Ukusebenzisa usetyenziso olunjalo kukuvumela ukuba ujonge uphazamiseko lwenethiwekhi yakho ye-Wi-Fi efunyanwa kuyo yonke itshaneli ye-Wi-Fi. Olu lwazi lukwenza ukwazi ukukhetha ngesandla isitishi ngophazamiseko oluncinci. Ukumisela ngesandla amajelo e-Wi-Fi, landela imiyalelo enikelwe kwirutha yakho ye-Wi-Fi okanye indawo yoFikelelo.

Ngelixa abanye abavelisi bezixhobo bebanga ukuba izixhobo zabo zenza ukhetho oluzenzekelayo lwetshaneli, sifumanise ukuba ukusebenza okunjalo ngokuqhelekileyo akusebenzi kakuhle kwaye uphumile kulawulo lwenkqubo.

Ukuba usebenzisa iiNkalo zoFikelelo ezininzi ze-Wi-Fi (kwaye ngenene kufuneka ube ngowona msebenzi ungcono), kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba isixhobo ngasinye siqwalaselwe ukusetyenziswa. itshaneli eyahlukileyo ukuze bangaphazamisani omnye nomnye.

Nge-2.4 GHz, kukho amajelo ali-13 akhoyo kodwa inokukothusa ukuva ukuba uninzi lwazo ziyadibana (ziphazamisana) enye nenye. Kukho amajelo amathathu kuphela angama-20 MHz adityanisiweyo (1, 6 kunye ne-11) kwi-2.4 GHz angadibaniyo enye nenye ngoko ke olona qwalaselo lulungileyo kwikhaya eliqhelekileyo lelinye elineebhokisi ezintathu ze-Wi-Fi, ezilungiselelwe ukusebenzisa amajelo 1, 6 kunye. 11.

Ngokusebenza kwe-5 GHz, ii-routers / iiNdawo zokuFikelela ziyahluka kwi-flexibility enikezelwayo kuqwalaselo lwetshaneli yezandla. Njengoko kuchaziwe kwisikhokelo sethu Zeziphi izantya zokwenyani endiza kuzifumana nge-Wi-Fi 5 kunye ne-Wi-Fi 6?, sincoma ukuba ukhethe i-80 MHz i-bandwidth yetshaneli ye-5 GHz ukusebenza ukwandisa i-Wi-Fi yesantya. Ukuba usebenzisa iiNdawo zokuFikelela ezininzi, kuya kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba izixhobo zakho ze-Wi-Fi zixhasa oko kubizwa ngokuba yiDynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) amajelo. Ukuba akunjalo, kuya kufuneka unciphise i-bandwidth yetshaneli ukuya kwi-40 MHz, ukunciphisa isantya.

8. Cima naziphi na iisistim ze-Wi-Fi ekhayeni lakho ezinokuphazamisana nenethiwekhi yakho ye-Wi-Fi. Ingcebiso yethu yangaphambili ijongene nokulawula uphazamiseko lwe-Wi-Fi kwiipropati ezikufutshane. Nangona kunjalo, owona mthombo mkhulu wokuphazamiseka kwinethiwekhi yakho ye-Wi-Fi isenokuba ivela 'kwiinkqubo ezikhuphisanayo' zeWi-Fi ekhayeni lakho. Uphazamiseko lwe-Wi-Fi olusuka kwipropati yakho, kuba isondele kakhulu kuwe kunophazamiseko oluvela kwiipropati ezibummelwane, lunokuphazamisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-Wi-Fi.

9.Nyusela kwi-Wi-Fi 6, enika izantya ezingcono kakhulu kune-Wi-Fi 5. I-Wi-Fi 6 yitekhnoloji ye-Wi-Fi yamva nje. Ngelixa iimveliso ze-Wi-Fi 6 zokuqala bezingenamsebenzi, ezinye zeemveliso ze-Wi-Fi 6 zamva nje zigqwesile, njenge-Ubiquiti ebalaseleyo ye-UniFi Wi-Fi 6 Uluhlu olude lokuFikelela indawo. Kwezona meko zibalaseleyo zophawu kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo zamva nje, i-Wi-Fi 6 inokogqitha kakhulu i-Wi-Fi 5, kunye ne-throughputs emalunga ne-920 Mbps, oko kukuthi, ikufutshane kakhulu ne-Gigabit Ethernet (nangona i-Gigabit Ethernet isagcina ukongama okubonakalayo ngokwemigaqo yokubaleka) . Ngokukodwa ukuba unoqhagamshelo lwe-gigabit yebroadband kwaye ujonge ukusebenzisa iiNdawo zokuFikelela ezininzi, sicebisa ngamandla ukuba uphucule kwi-Wi-Fi 6 ukuze ukwandise izantya kunye nokusebenza kwe-Wi-Fi.

10. Qinisekisa ukuba une master socket esemgangathweni okanye imaster socket esele ihluziwe ngaphambili efakiweyo, okanye ufake enye.. Iipropathi ezininzi, ngakumbi ezindala, zisenokungabi nasokethi esisemgangathweni esifakiweyo, sinciphisa iinketho zakho zokuphucula isantya sebroadband ngokufaka iplate yobuso ukwahlula isignali yebroadband kwisignali yefowuni kwi-master socket (echazwe ngezantsi).

Ngebroadband eqhelekileyo kunye ne-fiber broadband, isignali ye-broadband ithwalwa ngentambo enye njengefowuni yelizwi kwaye kufuneka ihluzwe ngaphandle ukuze bangaphazamisani.

Ngokwahlulahlula / ukuhluza umqondiso we-broadband kwi-socket enkulu, unqanda umqondiso we-broadband ukuba uhambe ujikeleze ikhaya lakho ukuya kwiisokethi ezininzi zokongezwa kweefowuni, ukucholaza ingxolo kunye nokuphazamiseka endleleni. Ukunqanda oku kwandisa kakhulu isantya sebroadband kwaye kwenza unxibelelwano luthembeke ngakumbi.

Amakhaya amaninzi anamhlanje ane-socket efakwe ngaphambili ehluziweyo, eyahlula ifowuni kunye noqhagamshelwano lwe-broadband ukuze i-faceplate eyongezelelweyo ehluziweyo (njengoko ichazwe ngezantsi) ayiyimfuneko.

Ukuba okwangoku awunaso isiseko esisemgangathweni okanye i-master socket efakwe ngaphambili, sicebisa ukuba ufakelwe isokethi eyintloko ehluziweyo. Emva koko, unokuhlala phantsi kwaye uphumle, ukhuselekile kulwazi lokuba unophawu olucocekileyo lwebroadband olunokwenzeka.

11. Ukuba une master socket esemgangathweni (ngasentla), faka iplate yobuso ehluziweyo okanye, ubuncinci, qinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa izihluzi ezincinci kuyo yonke indawo. I-faceplate ehluziweyo (ixabiso elingaphantsi kwe-10 yeedola)-engena ngokucocekileyo kwi-master socket esemgangathweni- inokonyusa kakhulu isantya sebroadband, ngakumbi ukuba unesokethi sokwandisa umnxeba ekhayeni lakho. Isihluzi sobuso silingana kwi-NTE5 master socket, kwaye siqinisekisa ukuba isignali yakho yebroadband ayithwalwanga kufutshane nendlu yakho.

Ngokubanzi, ukufaka i-faceplate ehluziweyo kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu kwizantya kunye nokuthembeka. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ababoneleli ngefowuni, njenge-BT, bavumela (kwaye, ngokwenene, bakhuthaze ngokuqinisekileyo) abasebenzisi ukuba bafake i-faceplate ehluziweyo. Inzuzo enkulu yokufaka i-faceplate ehluziweyo kukuba awudingi ukufaka ezo zihluzo zoyikekayo kwikhaya lakho lonke.

Ukuba awusebenzisi iplate yobuso ehluziweyo okanye i-master socket esele ihluziwe (echazwe ngaphambili) (kwaye asinakucinga ukuba kutheni ungakwenzi), ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba usebenzise isihluzi se-microfilter kuyo yonke isiseko sefowuni ekhayeni lakho ngayo nayiphi na ifowuni. okanye izixhobo zebroadband eziplagiwe (ezifana neefowuni, iibhokisi zokubeka phezulu kunye neenkqubo ze-alam).

Ukuba ujonge ezona zilula, kwaye zisebenza kakhulu, ingcebiso yokuphucula izantya, ukufaka iplate yobuso ehluziweyo inokuba yeyabantu abaninzi. Yinto engenangqondo.

12. Khangela imodem yakho ecaleni kwentloko yesokhethi kwaye uyiqhagamshele ngentambo emfutshane yemodem. Ubuchwephesha obusetyenziswa kwi-broadband eqhelekileyo (ADSL/ADSL2+) kunye ne-fiber broadband (VDSL2) zihlakaniphe kakhulu kwaye zilungelelaniswe ukuze zikwazi ukusebenza ngeentambo zomnxeba eziqhelekileyo.

Bajongene nokuphazamiseka kunye nengxolo, ngokubanzi basabela kwiimeko ezimbi zomgca ukugcina uxhulumaniso ngoku: ukunciphisa isantya (ngenxa yokunyusa oko kubizwa ngokuba 'yithagethi ye-SNR margin'), kunye / okanye ukwandisa ukulibaziseka (ukulibaziseka) (ngokwazisa i ubuchule obubizwa ngokuba 'yi-interleaving').

Ngelixa akukho nto unokuyenza ukulawula umgangatho we-cabling ukusuka kutshintshiselwano okanye kwikhabhinethi yesitrato ukuya ngaphandle kwekhaya lakho, unako lawula umgangatho wekheyibhile phakathi kwemaster socket kunye nemodem yakho.

Kuya kufuneka ufumane imodem yakho ecaleni kwentloko yesokethi kwaye uqhagamshele imodem yakho kwintloko yesokethi ngentambo emfutshane yemodem. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ugweme ukusebenzisa iintambo zokwandisa ixesha elide phakathi kwe-master socket kunye nemodem yakho (umzekelo, ukubeka imodem kwigumbi elahlukileyo).

Kubalulekile ukuba wena suku qhagamshela imodem yakho kwisokethi yolwandiso; rhoqo, soloko uqhagamshela imodem yakho kwi-master socket. Siyaqonda ukuba, ngakumbi ukuba usebenzisa i-hub-in-one, kunokuhenda ukuhambisa isixhobo kwigumbi 'elilungele ngakumbi' (umzekelo, ukuqhagamshela iPC yedesktop nge-Ethernet okanye ukubonelela ngokhuseleko lweWiFi olungcono). Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhetha ukungalihoyi eli cebiso, ke isiphumo siya kuba sisantya esibi kakhulu kunokuba ubunokusifumana.

Ukuba ufuna ukunyusa ukhuseleko lwe-WiFi kwigumbi elithile, sebenzisa i-Wi-Fi Access Point eyahlukileyo okanye, ukuba ufuna ukudibanisa izixhobo usebenzisa i-Ethernet, sebenzisa ibhokisi yokutshintsha i-Ethernet ephantsi. Nceda ungancami isantya sakho sebroadband ngokungeyomfuneko ngokungalandeli eli cebiso.

13. Khawulezisa ukujonga kwe-DNS ngokukhetha ezona zincedisi zilungileyo nezikhawulezayo ze-DNS. Xa ufaka igama lesizinda kwisikhangeli sakho okanye ucofe ikhonkco elithile, kuyimfuneko ukuba uqale uguqulele elo gama kwidilesi ye-IP yamanani ukuze imixholo yewebhusayithi ifunyanwe.

Le nkqubo ibangela ulibaziseko kwiphepha lewebhu elinikezelwayo, ngakumbi ukuba iiseva zakho ze-DNS ze-ISP ziqhuba kakubi okanye zibekwe kumgama obalulekileyo kuwe. Unokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza ngokuqwalasela umzila wakho kunye/okanye izixhobo zokusebenzisa ezona seva zibalaseleyo zeDNS zoLuntu ezifana neGoogle (8.8.4.4 kunye 8.8.8.8), Cloudflare (1.1.1.1 okanye 1.0.0.1) okanye Vula iDNS (208.67.222.222. 208.67.220.220 kunye ne-XNUMX).

14. Nciphisa i-bufferbloat ngokuphumeza umgangatho wenkonzo yendlela kumzila wakho obizwa ngokuba yi-Smart Queue Management.. I-Bufferbloat yenye yeyona miba mikhulu ejongene nabasebenzisi bebroadband namhlanje kwaye abo banonxibelelwano olunesantya esiphezulu abakhuselekanga.

I-Bufferbloat ngokuyisiseko yi-latency (ukulibaziseka) phantsi komthwalo kwaye ibhekisela kwingxaki xa izicelo ze-bandwidth-intensive (ezifana nokusasazwa kwevidiyo, ukuhanjiswa kweefayile, ukugcinwa kwe-intanethi kunye nokukhuphela isofthiwe) kubangela i-jitter kunye nokwanda okukhulu kunye / okanye i-spikes kwi-latency (ping) yezinye izicelo ezisetyenziswa ngaxeshanye, ezibangela ukuba ukusebenza kwazo kuthobeke kakhulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba iipakethi zedatha ezincinci ezibalulekileyo kufuneka zidluliselwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo (umzekelo, iipakethi zeVoIP, ukujonga kwe-DNS kunye ne-TCP ACK yokuvuma) zinokuvaleleka kwii-buffers zezixhobo zenethiwekhi emva kweepakethi ezinkulu kakhulu ezinxulumene nevidiyo esasazwayo kunye nokudluliselwa kweefayile. .

Olu libaziseko ludala umonakalo kwimidlalo ye-intanethi, lwenza ukhangelo lwewebhu lube buthuntu kwaye luthomalalise kanobom usetyenziso olunobuzaza olulibaziseko olufana nevidiyo kunye neefowuni ezimanyelwayo (umzekelo, iSkype kunye neZoom).

15. Ukuba unokufikelela kuphela kwibroadband esemgangathweni (ADSL/ADSL2+), tyala imali kwimodem ekuvumela ukuba udibanise 'ithagethi yeSNR imajini' ukonyusa izantya zebroadband. Ukuba ubambekile kwi-broadband esisiseko esisiseko, yonke into ayilahlekanga kwaye kukho into enamandla ekhoyo kwezinye iimodem ukucudisa esona santya siphezulu kumgca wakho. Kuphela linani elincinci leemodem ezixhasa eli nqaku.

Nje ukuba utyale imali kwimodem exhasa esi sixhobo, unokwandisa isantya sakho sokukhuphela nge-1 Mbps okanye ngaphezulu ukuba umgama obalulekileyo ukusuka kutshintshiselwano. Ukuba usondele kutshintshiselwano, umgca wakho unokunyamezela umda ophantsi we-SNR kwaye unokufikelela kwisantya esiphezulu se-Mbps ezininzi.

Sekuthethile oku, ukuba uyakwazi ukunyusela kwi-superfast (30+ Mbps) okanye ultrafast (100+ Mbps) broadband, sicebisa ngamandla ukuba wenze oku. Ibroadband ekhawulezayo ngoku iyafumaneka ngaphezulu kwe-95% yamakhaya kunye namashishini ase-UK.

16. Ukuba unokufikelela kuphela kwibroadband esemgangathweni, khetha i-ADSL2+ ngaphezulu kwe-ADSL esisiseko kwizantya eziphezulu ngakumbi ukuba ukwindawo ekufutshane notshintshiselwano lwe-BT.. I-Broadband ye-ADSL esisiseko - eyasungulwa ngonyaka we-2000, ngoku ifumaneka kwi-99.8% yamakhaya ase-UK kunye namashishini, kwaye ihambisa isantya sokukhuphela ukuya kwi-8 Mbps. Njengoko ibroadband eqhelekileyo ihanjiswa ngeentambo zomnxeba, isantya esifikelelwayo sihla ngokukhawuleza kumgama ukusuka kutshintshiselwano ukuze ezona santya ziphezulu zifikelelwe kuphela kumakhaya nakumashishini ami kufutshane noko.

17. Cinga ngokuphucula izixhobo zakho ezikhoyo (ezifana nerutha yakho ye-Wi-Fi). Izantya zebroadband odibana nazo zisenokuba sezantsi kakhulu kunoko unokuzifumana kungengenxa yoqhagamshelo lwebroadband yakho kodwa ngenxa yesixhobo osisebenzisayo.

Ngokukodwa, ukuba usebenzisa izixhobo ezindala (umzekelo, i-Wi-Fi router ebonelelwe kwiminyaka eliqela eyadlulayo ngumboneleli wakho we-broadband) kwaye ukuba uqhagamshelo lwakho lwe-broadband luyakwazi ukwenza izantya ezindilisekileyo, ngoko ke izixhobo zakho ezikhoyo zinokukuthoba. Ngelixa uphuculo lunokuvuna imbuyekezo enkulu, baninzi abavelisi bezixhobo abazama ukukulinga ngeemveliso zabo zamva nje ngamabango okusebenza angakholelekiyo.